A recent study reveals that temperature and rainfall significantly affect dengue fever transmission, with cases rising sharply worldwide. The World Health Organization reported over 10.6 million cases in the Americas in 2024, while global figures exceeded 14 million. Researchers advocate for targeted intervention strategies based on regional climate patterns to control mosquito populations and reduce disease prevalence.
A recent study in Science Advances has established the significant role of temperature and rainfall in the dissemination of dengue fever. Researchers examined data to clarify how variations in climate influence both mosquito populations and the transmission of this disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) noted a sharp rise in dengue cases, climbing from 4.1 million in 2023 to over 10.6 million in 2024 across the Americas. Furthermore, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control reported exceeding 14 million cases globally, with over 10,000 fatalities in the same period.
While the correlation between rainfall and mosquito breeding is acknowledged, its precise effect on dengue transmission remains contentious. Some experts assert that increased rainfall heightens disease spread, whereas others argue that it diminishes mosquito populations by eliminating breeding sites. Scientists from the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) have innovated a method to explore the climate-dengue connection, based on research in the Philippines and Puerto Rico under varying climatic conditions.
The study revealed that escalating temperatures correlate with rising dengue cases, particularly in eastern regions where higher rainfall exacerbates the situation. In contrast, western areas experienced mosquito population decline due to excessive rainfall washing away breeding locations. Furthermore, extended dry seasons fostered mosquito reproduction, thereby escalating transmission rates, whereas reduced dry seasons diminished mosquito numbers due to natural environmental factors.
The authors suggest that intervention strategies should be tailored to specific regional climate patterns. Areas affected by prolonged dry spells necessitate year-round mosquito control efforts, while regions with shorter dry periods might experience beneficial effects from natural rainfall on mosquito populations. These findings are equally relevant to other mosquito-borne illnesses, including malaria, influenza, and Zika virus.
In summary, the study highlights the critical influence of climate variables—particularly temperature and rainfall—on the propagation of dengue fever. The rising incidence of dengue calls for tailored public health strategies to mitigate mosquito populations effectively. These insights are vital not only for dengue but also for understanding the dynamics of other mosquito-borne diseases, stressing the need for region-specific intervention measures.
Original Source: www.wionews.com
